THE INTERACTION OF COMMUNITY CONFLICTS AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT IN WEST KALIMANTAN

Authors

  • Wisnu Setiawan
  • Amar

Abstract

Violence conflicts occurred in Indonesia, in particular, West Kalimantan, were associated with ethno-communal motives. At some points, the incidents linked to the role of the built environment. A study in the local context conflicts could provide an opportunity for a better understanding. This paper aims to present the story of conflict in West Kalimantan, which mainly happened in Sambas, from the urban development perspective. It attempts to show the interplay between the conflicts and the urban/spatial development. Using case study approach, the research utilised three data collection techniques: deep guided interview, observation, and survey. It interviewed fifteen key persons representing four different stakeholders: government, planning practitioners, academics, and local leaders. It documents the built environment elements of the location. It distributed 200 questionnaires to check the perception of people toward conflicts and the built environment. The finding demonstrates that somehow communal conflicts have linked to four elements: ethnicity, land ownership, wealth, and social status. The built environment could promote a positive urban environment in mitigating potential conflicts in the future.

References

Alqadrie, S. I. (2011). Matahari Akan Terbit di Barat: Kumpulan Karangan Terpilih Sejak 1986-2010. Pontianak: Borneo Tribun Press.

Arafat, Y. (1998). Konflik dan Dinamika Etnik Dayak-Madura di Kalimantan Barat: Kajian Melalui Perspektif Komunikasi Antaretnis, Prasangka Sosial, dan Kepentingan Politik pada Kerusuhan Antara Etnis Daya dengan Etnis Madura di Kalimantan Barat. (Master (S2)), Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta.

Bollens, S. A. (2006). Urban Planning and Peace Building. Progress in Planning(66), 67-139.

BPS.Sambas. (2016a). Indeks Pembangunan Manusia (IPM) Kabupaten Sambas, 2010-2017 (Metode Baru). Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Sambas Retrieved from https://sambaskab.bps.go.id/dynamictable/2018/11/01/48/indeks-pembangunan-manusia-ipm-kabupaten-sambas-2010-2017-metode-baru-.html.

BPS.Sambas. (2016b). Luas Wilayah Kabupaten Sambas. Sambas: Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Sambas Retrieved from https://sambaskab.bps.go.id/statictable/2016/05/12/11/luas-wilayah-kabupaten-sambas.html.

Bradshaw, M. (1996). Variety and Vitality. In D. Chapman (Ed.), Creating Neighbourhoods and Places in the Built Environment (pp. 110-154). London: Chapman & Hall.

Gaffikin, F., Morrissey, M., & Sterrett, K. (2001). Remaking the City: the Role of Culture in Belfast. In W. J. V. Neill & H.-U. Scwedler (Eds.), Urban Planning and Cultural Inclusion (pp. 141-162). Basingstoke: Palgrave.

Jacobs, J. (1961). The Death and Life of Great American Cities. London: Penguin Books.

Koeswinarno. (2006). Pemetaan Konflik Sosial di Kalimantan Barat. In Koeswinarno & D. Abdurahman (Eds.), Fenomena Konflik Sosial di Indonesia: dari Aceh sampai Papua (pp. 173-215). Yogyakarta: Lembaga Penelitian Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga.

Koeswinarno, Setyo, B., Dwiyanto, A., & Abdullah, I. (2004). Resolusi Konflik dalam Perspektif Sosial Budaya. Hibah Pekerti Angkatan I 2003-2004. Direktorat Penelitian dan Pengabdian pada Masyarakat. Direktorat Jenderal Pendidikan Tinggi - Departemen Pendidikan Nasional. Jakarta.

McEldowney, M., Sterrett, K., & Gaffikin, F. (2001). Architectural Ambivalence: the Built Environment and Cultural Identity in Belfast. In W. J. V. Neill & H.-U. Scwedler (Eds.), Urban Planning and Cultural Inclusion (pp. 100-118). Basingstoke: Palgrave.

Murtagh, B., Graham, B., & Shirlow, P. (2008). Authenticity and Stakeholder Planning in the Segregated City. Progress in Planning(69), 41-92.

Neill, W. J. V. (2004). Urban Planning and Cultural Identity. London: Routledge.

Neill, W. J. V., & Schwedler, H.-U. (2001). Planning with an Ethic of Cultural Inclusion: Lessons from Berlin and Belfast. In W. J. V. Neill & H.-U. Scwedler (Eds.), Urban Planning and Cultural Inclusion (pp. 207-215). Basingstoke: Palgrave.

ODPM. (2004). The Egan Review, Skills for Sustainable Communities. Retrieved from London: <http://www.odpm.gov.uk>

Setiawan, W. (2014). Urban development and the urban planning responses to social diversity and potential conflict in indonesia. (PhD), University of Salford, Manchester.

Downloads

Published

2019-03-19

How to Cite

Setiawan, W., & Amar. (2019). THE INTERACTION OF COMMUNITY CONFLICTS AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT IN WEST KALIMANTAN. SMART: Seminar on Architecture Research and Technology, 3, 137–147. Retrieved from https://smartfad.ukdw.ac.id/index.php/smart/article/view/26